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Industrial Trucks
Industrial trucks are the conventional method to move materials or products in material handling. These industrial trucks can range from small, hand operated trucks to large, powered operated trucks. These trucks have their own characteristics to make themselves suitable for different operations.
1. FORKLIFT
Forklift is a powered industrial truck with forked platform attached at the front that can slid under loads and then raised for moving and stacking products.
Forklift
A forklift is a type of industrial truck used for lifting and moving loads such as crates and pallets. It is equipped with two parallel blades or forks that can be raised or lowered hydraulically, allowing it to pick up and transport materials over short distances. Forklifts can be broadly categorized into two types:
- Internal Combustion Forklifts
These forklifts are powered by internal combustion engine, which fueled by diesel or LPG. They are usually used for outdoor or open-air applications such as construction sites, ports and etc., as they are more powerful to handle heavier loads. Internal combustion forklifts are not recommended for indoor use because they produce harmful emissions such as carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides, and other pollutants that are hazardous to human health if inhaled. Since indoor spaces are usually enclosed and have limited ventilation, the harmful emissions will accumulate quickly and create an unhealthy work environment. In addition to the health concerns, internal combustion forklifts also tend to be noisier, which can be disruptive and make communication difficult in a busy indoor work environment.
- Electric Forklifts
These forklifts are powered by rechargeable batteries, either lead acid or lithium-ion batteries. They are commonly used for indoor applications such as warehouses and distributions centers, as they produce zero emissions and low noise level, making them a more environmentally friendly choice. However, with the emerging technology nowadays, electric forklifts can now be used for outdoor applications as well. They are designed to have outdoor usage features such as weatherproofing, larger tires for rough terrain, and also longer battery life to handle the demands of outdoor use. In addition, electric forklifts are less expensive to operate as they require less maintenance compared to internal combustion forklifts. Thus, electric forklifts are no longer limited for indoor applications, in fact, they are now can be used both indoors and outdoors.
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2. PALLET TRUCK
In general, lithium-ion battery is a type of rechargeable battery in which lithium ions move from the negative electrode (anode) to the positive electrode (cathode) through electrolyte during discharge and vice versa during charge.
Pallet Truck
A pallet truck, also known as pallet jack, consists of a pair of forks that are used to slide underneath a pallet. The forks are attached to a hydraulic system that allows the operator to raise and lower the forks to lift and lower the pallet. There are two main types of pallet trucks: manual and electric. Manual pallet trucks are operated by the operator using a hydraulic pump handle to lift and lower the forks, while electric pallet trucks are powered by an electric motor and controlled by the operator using a control handle or button.
Pallet trucks are designed to be manoeuvrable in tight spaces, making them ideal for warehouse and other indoor usage where space is limited. They are commonly used to move pallets of goods horizontally, from one location to another within a facility. They are available in different sizes and weight capacities to handle a variety of load sizes and weights. It’s important to select the appropriate pallet truck for your specific application to ensure safe and efficient operation.
3. STACKER
Stacker is a next stage up from the pallet truck. It has a base design from pallet truck with lifting feature from forklift truck which allows it to do transportation and lifting operation. Generally, stacker able to lift loads up to 5 meters.
Stacker
A stacker is a next stage up from the pallet truck. Basically, it has a base design from pallet truck, but with lifting feature where it is equipped with a mast and a load carriage. The mast is the vertical structure that supports the load, and the load carriage is the platform that holds the goods being lifted. Similar to pallet truck, stackers can be either manual or electric. Manual stackers are typically operated by the operator using a hydraulic pump handle to lift and lower the load. Electric stackers, on the other hand, are powered by an electric motor and controlled by the operator using a control handle or button.
Stackers come in a variety of types and sizes, but they generally consist of a set of forks that can be raised and lowered to lift and move loads. The forks are attached to a hydraulic system that allows the operator to control the lifting and lowering of the load. Stackers are designed to lift and transport loads, often up to several meters in height, making them an ideal solution for stacking and organizing loads on shelves or racking.
4. REACH TRUCK
The usage of reach truck is very similar to stacker. The common differences between reach truck and stacker are the truck size and the capable lifting height. Reach truck is slightly bigger than a stacker, however it can lift much higher than a stacker which is up to 12 meters.
Reach Truck
A reach truck is a type of forklift that is designed for use in narrow aisle warehouse environments. It is named for its ability to “reach” into the racking to lift and move loads. A reach truck typically has a narrow, compact design that allows it to maneuver through narrow aisles with ease. It has a set of forks attached to a reaching mechanism, which can be extended forward to lift loads from the racking. The forks can also be raised and lowered to adjust the height of the load.
Reach trucks are designed to operate in tight spaces, with a turning radius that is typically much smaller than that of a standard forklift. Reach trucks are ideal for use in high-density warehouse environments where maximizing storage capacity is a priority. They are able to lift loads to great heights, often up to 12 meters or more, making them ideal for vertical storage solution.
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5. VERY NARROW AILES (VNA) TRUCK
VNA truck is designed for operation that carried out in a very high warehouse racking system with very narrow working aisle. This is because the truck itself does not do any turning inside the aisle like what other trucks do. The one that do the turning is basically the fork.
Very Narrow Aisle (VNA)
Very Narrow Aisle (VNA) trucks are a type of material handling equipment that are designed to operate in extremely narrow aisles. These trucks are ideal for high density storage application where space is at a premium, as they are maximizing the storage space.
VNA trucks are typically powered by electricity, which makes them a quieter and more environmentally-friendly. They operate using guidance systems such as rail guidance or wire guidance that allow the trucks to navigate through the aisles without the need of an operator to steer it. The operator controls all the truck movement using a set of hand and foot controls, including lift and lower the loads, move the mast and carriage and drive forward and backward. Besides, they are also equipped with a specialized turret system that allows the mast and carriage to rotate independently of the truck’s chassis,
Thanks to their specialized design, they are highly maneuverable and can navigate through narrow spaces, as narrow as 1.6 meter with ease. Other than that, one of the key benefits of VNA trucks is their ability to lift loads to great heights, often up to 15 meters or more. This makes them an ideal choice for warehouses with high ceilings and limited floor space, as they can store more product in less space.
Overall, VNA trucks are a highly specialized and efficient type of material handling equipment that are ideal for use in high-density warehouse environments. They can help warehouse managers maximize their use of available space, increase operational efficiency, and reduce real estate costs. If you’re considering VNA trucks for your warehouse operation, be sure to consult with an experienced material handling equipment provider to evaluate your specific needs and recommend the best VNA truck for your application.
6. ORDER PICKER
Order picker is a truck that lifts operator off the ground and pick the individual items from the racking then transfer them to the pallet.
Order Picker
When it comes to order picking in a warehouse, order pickers are the essential tool. They are typically designed to lift and lower operators, allowing them to access items on racks. They feature a platform for the operator to stand on while operating the truck, as well as a mast and carriage system that enables the operator to raise and lower the platform to access different levels of storage. The platform can be raised to the height of the item’s location, allowing the operator to pick individual items by hand and place them onto the pallet.
Order pickers are commonly used in warehouses with high shelving or racking systems, as they allow operators to reach heights of up to 9 meters or more. This makes them an ideal solution for picking items from tall racks or shelves. One of the key benefits of order pickers is their ability to increase productivity and efficiency in the warehouse. With order pickers, operators can quickly and easily move from one location to another, picking items with ease and speed. This can help to reduce the time and effort required for order picking, while also improving accuracy and reducing the risk of injury.
There are different levels of order pickers that are categorized based on their lifting heights.
- Low-level Order Pickers
They are designed for ground level usage, typically used for order picking and replenishment of low-level storage locations, such as bins or pallets that are stored directly on the floor.
- Medium-level Order Pickers
They have a lift height range of around 2.4 to 4.6 meters, ideal for order picking from mid-level storage locations, such as shelves or racks that are not as high as the ceiling.
- High-level Order Pickers
They are designed for use in high-level storage locations, with lift heights typically ranging from 6.1 to 9.1 meters or more. They are ideal for order picking from high-level shelves or racks, where it may not be safe or practical for operators to access manually.
7. TOW TRACTOR
Tow tractor is designed to pull other equipment such as trailers, cages behind it. It is ideal to use for horizontal transport over distances.
Tow Tractor
Tow tractors, also known as tuggers, designed to tow or pull heavy loads over short distances, making them ideal for use in warehouses, distribution centers, manufacturing facilities, airports, and other settings where heavy loads need to be moved quickly and efficiently. They are normally equipped with a coupling mechanism that enable them to tow or pull variety of equipment such as carts, trailers, cages or any other wheeled equipment. Tow tractors can be electric or powered by combustion engines and are available in a range of sizes and capacities to suit various applications.
One of the main benefits of using tow tractors are that they allow operators to move heavy loads such as machinery or vehicles more efficiently and safely than manual methods. This can help to reduce the risk of injury or strain on workers, as well as increase productivity and throughput in warehouses, distribution centers, and manufacturing facilities.
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8. REACH STACKER
Reach stackers are powerful machines designed for container handling in ports and container yards. With their ability to stack containers up to several high and move them efficiently, reach stackers play a crucial role in the logistics of container shipping.
Reach Stacker
When it comes to the efficient handling of containers, reach stackers are an essential tool for many industrial and commercial settings. They are designed to lift and transport containers of all sizes, making them ideal for use in shipping ports, rail yards, and other container handling facilities. Reach stackers are available in a range of sizes and capacities to suit different applications. They are typically powered by either diesel or electric motors, depending on the specific needs of the operation. Electric reach stackers are ideal for use in indoor or enclosed spaces, as they produce zero emissions and are relatively quiet compared to diesel-powered.
One of the key advantages of using a reach stacker is their ability to stack containers high, making the most of available storage space. This is especially important in settings where space is at a premium, such as busy ports or logistics hubs. They can also be used to move containers from one location to another, such as from a ship to a truck or rail car, or from a storage yard to a loading dock.
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